中文摘要：

目的介绍纳米结晶的最新研究进展,并对纳米结晶的制备方法以及给药途径进行综述。方法参考近年来国内外文献32篇,根据纳米结晶的制备方法和给药途径分类并总结。结果纳米结晶具有比表面积大、饱和溶解度高以及溶出速度快等优点,因此,可以将难溶性药物制成纳米结晶以增加药效、降低副作用;可以采用自组装技术、破碎技术或联合应用多种技术制备纳米结晶,也可以应用超临界流体技术制备纳米结晶;纳米结晶是一种制剂中间体,可以制备成适合静脉注射、口服、肺部吸入、局部注射、透皮以及眼用等给药途径的多种剂型。结论虽然纳米结晶的制备方法多样,但仍需开发更为高效的新方法,难溶性药物可以采用纳米结晶技术制备成适合不同给药途径的制剂,该技术将在未来的药物传递领域中将起到重要作用。

英文摘要：

Objective To introduce the progress of nanocrystals and review the preparation methods and the administration routes for nanocrystals.Methods According to 32 published literatures,nanocrystals are classified and summarized on the basis of preparation methods and administration routes.Results Owning to the large surface area,enhanced solubility and improved dissolution rate,poorly water-soluble drugs can be formulated as nanocrystals to increase the effectiveness and to reduce the side effects.Nanocrystals can be prepared by using bottom-up method,top-down method or a combination of both.Supercritical fluid is a novel method for preparation of nanocrystals.Nanocrystal is a medium dosage form and it can be administered in different routes,such as intravenous route,oral route,pulmonary delivery,depot injection,transdermal uses or ocular delivery.Conclusions Although the preparation methods are various,we still need to seek for effective and efficiency preparation technologies.Poorly soluble drugs can be formulated as nanocrystals for different uses,and it will play a key role in drug delivery system in the future.