中文摘要：

日益苛刻的环保法规对柴油中的硫含量提出了更高的要求,而非负载型加氢脱硫催化剂具有较高的催化反应活性,其研发及应用不仅具有理论研究价值,同时还具有较高的社会经济性.非负载型加氢脱硫催化剂中的典型代表即为Nebula催化剂,该催化剂可以在不更改原有装置的前提下,使得原始设计生产硫含量为500μg/g的装置得以生产硫含量不高于10μg/g的超低硫柴油.已有的文献报道中,非负载型加氢脱硫催化剂前驱体主要是通过水热反应法及化学沉淀法制备而成.这两种方法以水为溶剂,溶剂水的量远远高于反应原料的添加量,因此,这两种方法不仅产生大量含有重金属离子的污水,同时能量及沉淀剂的消耗较高,最终导致产品的收率较低,原子经济性较差.为了更加环保、可持续地生产非负载型加氢脱硫催化剂前驱体,本文报道了一种以加水辅助研磨、固相反应法合成非负载型加氢脱硫催化剂前驱体钼酸镍铵（（NH4）HNi2（OH）2（MoO4）2）,并且揭示了其形成机理.相较于传统的水热反应法和化学沉淀法,我们提出的固相反应法使合成过程明显简化,主要步骤包括原料的物理混合、添加少量水进行研磨及加热.通过X射线衍射、红外光谱及拉曼光谱研究了钼酸镍铵的形成机理.结果表明,在钼酸镍铵的形成过程中,钼酸铵分子中的一个Mo原子被Ni原子取代形成了一种介稳态中间物种（（NH4）4（NiH6Mo6O（24））·5H2O）,而在120℃下处理不仅可以移除加入的少量水,而且促进了钼酸镍铵的形成.揭示钼酸镍铵的形成机理对于后续的研究具有重要的意义,因为可以更有针对性的调节、优化制备方法或者引入其它溶剂,从而制备具有某些特定性质的钼酸镍铵类物质.通过这种固相反应法制备的钼酸镍铵,具有与化学沉淀法制备的样品几乎相同的物理化学性质,包括物相、热稳定性能、?

英文摘要：

This paper reports a sustainable,water-assisted,solid-state method for synthesizing ammonium nickel molybdate（（NH4）HNi2（OH）2（MoO4）2,ANM）,a precursor for an unsupported hydrodesulfurization（HDS） catalyst.The associated ANM formation mechanism is also discussed.The synthesis route consists of physical mixing of the raw materials,water-assisted grinding and heating.The formation mechanism involves replacement of a Mo atom by a Ni atom,generating the metastable intermediate（NH4）4（NiH6Mo6O（24））·5H2O.Heating of this intermediate at 120 ℃ removes the added water and produces ANM.Catalysts prepared by this method exhibit almost the same physicochemical properties and catalytic performance during the HDS of dibenzothiophene as materials made from ANM synthesized by a chemical precipitation procedure.Compared with traditional hydrothermal or chemical precipitation methods,this water-assisted,solid-state synthesis provides several significant advantages,including simplifying the synthetic procedure,reducing waste and energy costs and increasing product yields.These features will be highly important with regard to allowing the application of ANM in industrial-scale processes involving HDS reactions.This water-assisted,solid-state strategy can also be extended to the synthesis of isomorphous compounds such as ammonium cobalt（zinc and copper） molybdate.