中文摘要：

在无线传感器网络（WSNs）中提出的许多路由算法因其真实应用场景下存在大量单向链路而使其性能大幅降低,甚至无法正常工作。对此如何在WSNs中实现准确、高效能单向链路故障检测成为一个重要的研究课题。针对这种情况提出了一种基于Hello报文的单向链路故障检测（ALFD-H）算法,该算法充分利用WSNs组成的苯环网络模型,由苯环中心节点发起周期检测信号来完成单向链路故障检测。通过苯环中心节点处理故障单向链路来控制报文数量降低网络资源的消耗,并且提高了网络的连通性和可扩展性。通过NS2仿真实验结果表明：ALFD-H相较传统检测算法采用了苯环网络模型,减少了用于故障检测的能量消耗,从而大大延长了节点的工作时间和网络的生命周期。

英文摘要：

As there is a lot of unidirectional link in real scenarios,many routing algorithm which is proposed in wireless sensor networks（ WSNs） has low performance or even can not work. How to achieve accurate and efficient communication in WSNs with unidirectional link failure becomes an important research topic. With this purpose,propose an effective fault detection algorithm asymmetric link failure detection based on Hello（ ALFD-H）. This algorithm takes advantage of a benzene ring network model composed of a mobile node,the central node initiates by the benzene ring to complete the cycle detection signal to detect link failures. This algorithm controls the number of packets and reduces the consumption of network resources by benzene central node processing the faulty link result in improving the connectivity and scalability of the network. By NS2 simulation,results show that the lifetime of the network to be longer with ALFD-H algorithm to detect the benzene ring structure compared to traditional fault detection algorithm,reduces energy consumption for the fault detection,thereby greatly extending the working hours of the nodes and the network life cycle.