中文摘要：

采用预膨胀法对有机粘土进行预处理，研究有机溶剂的种类和用量对有机粘土／丁腈橡胶（NBR）纳米复合材料结构和性能的影响。结果表明：与熔体法相比，预膨胀法制备的有机粘圭／NBR纳米复合材料的物理性能较好；当有机粘土／丙烯酸并用比为1g：ImL或有机牯土／正丁醇并用比为1g：4mL时，有机粘土／NBR纳米复合材料的物理性能最佳；与正丁醇为预膨胀剂时相比，丙烯酸作为预膨胀剂时制备的复合材料具有更好的物理性能和微观相态结构。

英文摘要：

The organic clay was modified by pre-expansion method, and the influence of type and addition level of organic solvent on the properties and structure of organic clay/NBR nanocomposites were investigated. The results showed that, compared with those prepared by melt method, the physi- cal properties of organic clay/NBR nanocomposites prepared by pre-expansion method were better. It was found that the optimal blend ratio of organic clay and acrylic acid was 1 g ：1 mL,and the optimal blend ratio of organic clay and n-butanol was 1 g ： 4 mL. Moreover, the composite prepared by using a- crylic acid possessed better physical properties and micro phase structure, compared with that prepared by using n-butanol.