中文摘要：

数值仿真技术可用于粉末零件制造的工艺设计与优化,为缺陷预测与预防、零部件性能改善提供有效的理论支持和技术指导。基于粉末零件压制和烧结机理的本构模型是进行准确可靠的数值计算的必要条件。本文主要介绍了粉末压制模拟中常用的本构建模方法,如粉末烧结体塑性力学方法、广义塑性力学方法及微观力学方法,和粉末烧结模拟中的微观结构模拟方法,如分子动力学法、相场法、蒙地卡罗法及元胞自动机法等,并对以上各种建模方法的计算原理、适用范围及近些年的应用进展做了简要介绍,最后对数值仿真技术在粉末零件制造中的发展方向进行了展望。

英文摘要：

Numerical simulation can provide the theoretical guides and technical supports for the design and optimization of process,the prediction and prevention of manufacturing defects,and the performance promotion of parts in powder metallurgy.Mathematical models for precisely describing powder compaction and sintering process are the foundation of successful numerical simulation.In this paper,the mathematical modeling methods for powder compaction,including sintered powder plastic mechanics,generalized plastic mechanics,and micro-mechanics,as well as the micro-structure simulation methods in powder sintering process,including molecular dynamic method,phase field method,Monte-Carlo method,and cellular automatic method,were briefly introduced;also the calculation principle,application scope,and recent research development were analyzed;at last,the future advancements of numerical simulation in powder metallurgy were discussed.