中文摘要：

粮食生产的化肥利用效率低下是影响粮食产量进一步提高的主要障碍,不仅推升了生产成本,也是造成农业面源污染的重要原因。本文使用随机前沿生产函数,度量了我国主要粮食主产区2006-2009年三种粮食作物的化肥利用效率,并对化肥利用效率的决定因素进行了分析。研究结果表明三种作物的化肥利用效率普遍较低,分别为0.37、0.26和0.37;教育水平、收入状况、化肥价格、财政支持、种植规模等是影响化肥利用效率的重要因素。

英文摘要：

The lower fertilizer using efficiency of grain production is a main obstacle to improve grain yield.It not only pushes production cost rising,but also causes seriously agriculture non-point source pollution.In this paper,using stochastic frontier production function,we calculate production technical efficiency and fertilizer using efficiency of wheat,corn and rice in major grain provinces of China from 2006 to 2009.Moreover,we analyze the factors which affect fertilizer using efficiency.The result shows that average fertilizer using efficiencies of wheat,corn and rice are 0.37,0.26 and 0.37.Education level,income level,fertilizer prices,financial support for agriculture and scale of planting are important factors to determining fertilizer using efficiency.