中文摘要：

背景：精确控制细胞形状、实现细胞体外排列对细胞生物学、组织工程和再生医学研究及应用均有极其重要的意义,而目前对控制细胞几何形状和诱导体外排列的方法缺乏系统性的研究和表述。目的：总结并讨论表面化学修饰技术、表面拓扑学改造技术加工制备细胞生长基底的方法,以及实现细胞形状和排列控制的可行性和最新进展。方法：作者检索1995至2017年百链云数据库和Pub Med数据库中与微加工方法对细胞形状和体外排列影响相关的文献,并进行系统整理、归纳总结和分析。结果与结论：随着微纳米加工技术的发展和对细胞生物学行为的深入研究,表面化学修饰、表面拓扑学改造、纤维支架等方法逐步被建立,以实现细胞形状的精确控制和体外排列。表面微图案化、微柱、微孔阵列等拓扑结构能够精确控制细胞几何形状,而基底表面拓扑形貌对细胞排列占据更重要的支配作用,可将基底表面化学修饰作用和拓扑形貌作用相结合更好地实现细胞体外排列。合适的基底结构可用于精确控制细胞的形状、调控干细胞的分化抑或诱导细胞的定向排列、促进细胞融合和分化等。

英文摘要：

BACKGROUND： It is of great significance for the research of cell biology, tissue engineering and regenerative medicine to precisely control cell geometry and alignment in vitro. However, there is a lack of systematic study and description of the methods for controlling cell geometry and inducing alignment in vitro. OBJECTIVE： To summarize the methods of surface chemical treatment technology and surface topographical technology to prepare the substrate for cell growth and to discuss the feasibility and the latest progress in cell shape control and cell alignment. METHODS： The author performed a data retrieval of PubMed and Bailianyun databases from 1995 to 2017 to search the articles addressing the effects of micro-scale technologies on cell geometry and alignment in vitro, and reviewed the literatures systematically. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION： With the development of micro-scale technologies and in-depth study on cell behaviors, surface chemical treatment, surface topographical transformation and fibrous scaffolds are gradually developed to precisely control cell geometry and alignment. The surface micropatterning, pillar and pit arrays can precisely control cell geometry, and the topographical patterning dominates cell alignment over the chemical patterns. Surface chemical treatment and topographical patterning can also be combined to preferably engineer cell alignment in vitro. The suitable substrate can be used to control cell geometry precisely, regulate the differentiation of stem cells or induce cell alignment, and promote cell fusion and differentiation.