中文摘要：

构建了社区依恋、社区关注、社区参与、旅游影响感知和社区居民旅游发展态度的结构关系模型，并以村落遗产地——福建土楼为例，采用结构方程模型（SEM）验证社区居民旅游发展态度的影响因素，并引入个人获益作为调节变量，剖析在获益居民和没有获益的居民中，各种旅游感知对旅游发展态度的影响是否存在显著差异。研究结果表明：①经济获益感知、社会文化获益感知和环境获益感知均对态度具有显著正向影响，而经济成本感知对态度具有显著负向影响；②社区依恋通过社会文化获益感知和环境获益感知对态度产生间接影响；③社区关注通过经济获益感知和环境获益感知间接影响态度，并通过经济成本感知间接影响态度；④社区参与通过经济获益感知、社会文化获益感知和环境获益感知对态度产生间接正向影响，并通过经济成本感知对态度产生间接负向影响；⑤经济获益感知、社会文化获益感知和环境获益感知对态度的影响对获益居民比没有获益的居民要大，而经济成本感知、社会文化成本感知与环境成本感知对态度的影响对没有获益的居民比获益居民要大。

英文摘要：

Based on the existing literature, a conceptual model depicting the relationship among community attachment, community concern, community participation, and perception of tourism impacts and attitude towards tourism development was proposed and empirically examined using a case study of Fujian Tulou. The empirical findings revealed that： （a） the perceived economic benefits, the perceived social and cultural benefits, and the perceived environmental benefits significantly and positively influenced residents＇ attitude towards tourism development, whereas the perceived economic costs significantly and negatively influenced residents＇ attitude towards tourism development; （b） community attachment had an indirect effect on residents＇ attitude towards tourism development through the perceived social and cultural benefits as well as environmental benefits; （c） community concern indirectly affected residents＇ attitude towards tourism development through the perceived economic benefits, the perceived social and cultural benefits and environmental benefits, and had an indirect effect on residents＇ attitude towards tourism development through the perceived economic costs; （d） community participation had an indirect and positive effect on residents＇ attitude towards tourism development through the perceived economic, social and cultural, and environmental benefits, and had an indirect and negative effect on residents＇ attitude through the perceived economic costs; and （e） the influences of the perceived economic, social and cultural, and environmental benefits on residents＇ attitude were stronger for residents with personal benefits than for residents without personal benefits, while the influences of the perceived economic costs, of the perceived social and cultural costs, and of the perceived environmental costs on residents＇ attitude were stronger for residents without personal benefits than for residents with personal benefits.