中文摘要：

塔山煤矿3-5~#煤层8105工作面5105辅运巷为特厚顶煤大断面全煤巷道,受多种因素影响巷道支护困难。采用单轴、三轴压缩试验对比研究了煤体在不同围压下的破坏特征;揭示出锚杆、索的高预应力可使巷道顶煤和巷帮煤体由二向或低围压三向受力状态变成高围压三向受力状态。数值模拟结果表明,锚杆、索施加的高预应力并配套合理的护表构件可形成有效压应力区并实现预应力在煤体中的有效扩散,因而在保证可锚的前提下应尽量提高锚杆、索的预紧力,并采用合理配套的护表构件。5105辅运巷现场试验表明,高预紧力使得掘进与回采期间锚杆与锚索受力变化不明显,有效控制了巷道围岩强烈变形。

英文摘要：

The 5105 auxiliary haulage gate in 8105 working face of No.3-5 coal seam in Tashan Coal Mine was a large-section and full-seam roadway with ultra-thick top coal,which was difficulty to support as a result of multi-factor influence.The failure characteristics of coal samples under different confining pressures were studied comparatively by uniaxial and triaxial compression tests,which revealed that the high pre-stresses of anchor bolts and cables could make the stress state of top coal and wall coal change from the state of biaxial stress or triaxial stress with low confining pressure to the state of triaxial stress with higher confining pressure.The numerical simulation showed that by using highly prestressed anchor bolt and cable and suitable supporting components,the effective compression stress zone could formed in surrounding rocks and the prestresses could diffuse actively in seam,so if the bolts and cables were needed,it was best to increase the pretensioned stresses of bolts and cables and adopt reasonable supporting components.Field test in 5105 roadway indicated that high pretensioned stresses made the change of bolts and cables＇ stresses not abvious in period of tunneling and stopping,and effectively control the intense deformation of roadway surrounding rocks.