中文摘要：

以乌鲁木齐市为研究区,采取建设用地、农用地、未利用地3种不同用地类型的土壤样品共45个,测定土壤有机质、pH值、粒度理化指标,并对乌鲁木齐城市不同用地类型土壤理化性质特征及其之间的相关性进行分析。结果表明,乌鲁木齐土壤有机质含量较高,平均值为47.71g/kg,变异系数为24.10%,不同用地类型土壤有机质含量均值大小关系是建设用地〉未利用地〉农用地;研究区土壤呈中性和弱碱性,不同用地类型土壤pH值大小呈现出未利用地、建设用地、农用地均值减小的特征;研究区土壤颗粒组成以粉粒为主,其中粗粉粒含量最高,其次为中粉粒、细粉粒,粗砂粒、细黏粒含量较低,不同用地类型土壤粒径组分分布规律与整个研究区相同;土壤粒径、有机质与pH值的相关性分析表明,建设用地的细黏粒与有机质存在显著正相关,其他用地类型土壤粒径与有机质、pH值无显著相关性,有机质与pH值之间也不存在显著相关性;单因素方差分析表明,用地类型对SOM含量、pH值、细黏粒和粗黏粒组分含量影响显著。

英文摘要：

In Urumqi,according to different types of land use,45 topsoil samples were collected and physico- chemical indexes including of soil organic matter （SOM）,pH and particle size of topsoil were measured to analyze the index characteristics of construction land, farmland and unutilized land in the process of urbani- zation,meanwhile the eorrelationships between factors were analyzed. The results showed that SOM con- tent in Urumqi was high,with a mean value of 48.70 g/kg,the variation coefficient was 24.10~ ,belonging to medium degree of variation. SOM contents of different land use types were in the order of construction land ~ unused land ~〉farmland. Soils in study area ranged from neutral weak alkaline. The pH values de- creased gradually from the unutilized land, construction land, and agricultural land. Particle composition of the soil was mainly silt, the content of coarse silt was the highest, followed by medium silt and fine silt, the contents of coarse sand and fine clay were low. The content of particle size in the different types of land use showed slightly difference, but the distribution regularity was consistent with the entire study area. Corre- lation analysis indicated that there were significantly positive correlationship between fine clay and SOM of construction land,for other types of land use,no significant correlationships were observed between soil particle size and SOM or pH. There were no significantly positive correlationship between SOM and pH.One way ANOVA analysis showed that the contents of SOM, pH, fine grain and coarse grain fractions were significantly affected by different land use types.