我国水电开发需求巨大。水电项目规模大、结构复杂和影响面广的特点使得水电开发所面临的风险因素较多。本文调研了水电行业的55种风险因素,给出了这些风险的重要性排序,其中安全居于首位。并进一步分析了业主和承包商的主要风险:移民、不足或不当设计和生态环境影响等风险需业主特别重视;成本与利润、企业信誉、索赔与争端和技术不足等风险与承包商关系密切。各水电开发参与方应充分了解自身风险,以及其它组织在同一风险中的作用,合理地处置风险。
There is a great demand for hydropower development in China. However, there is a variety of risks resulting from large-scale complicated structure and wide influence of hydropower project. This study surveys fifty-five risks in hydropower industry and ranks the importance of these risks. Specifically, the risks of owners and contractors are analyzed. Owners should focus on resettlement of affected local dwellers, inadequate design, and ecological environment influence; contractors should pay much attention to risks of cost, profit, prestige, claim and dispute, and technology. All participants in hydropower development projects should not only understand their own risks, but also other organizations'to deal with the risks appropriately.