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中文摘要：
为了提高铝合金材料的表面性能,利用激光熔覆技术,在6063铝合金表面制备了添加不同含量Y2O3的Ni60合金熔覆层,并采用金相显微镜（OM）、X射线衍射仪（XRD）、扫描电镜（SEM）和能谱分析测试仪（EDS）、显微硬度计等分析检测设备对激光熔覆层的组织、相结构、成分、显微硬度进行了测试和分析。研究结果表明：适当的Y2O3添加量可改善熔池对流,减少内含物,并有效控制熔覆层中的气孔和裂纹;XRD分析表明不同Y2O3含量的Ni60熔覆层表面主要的相结构为β-Ni Al（Cr）,Al3Ni,AlNi3,Al等,添加较多Y2O3后出现Y2O3,YAl3,AlNiY,Ni（17）Y2等稀土化合物的衍射峰;加入Y2O3后Ni60熔覆层元素分布比较均匀,稀释率有所降低,孔隙率减小,晶粒得到细化;Ni60熔覆层的平均显微硬度为HV 1017.6,5%Y2O3＋Ni60熔覆层硬度为HV 1225.8,5%Y2O3＋Ni60熔覆层硬度较高且硬度值随着熔覆层深度的过渡较为平缓。
英文摘要：
To improve the surface properties of aluminum alloy,Ni-based alloy coatings with different contents of Y2O3 were prepared by laser cladding on 6063 aluminum alloy substrate. Microstructures,phase structures,compositions and microhardness of cladding layers were analyzed by optical microscope（ OM）,X-ray diffraction（ XRD）,scanning electron microscope（ SEM） and energy dispersive spectra（ EDS）. The results showed that adding appropriate amount of Y2O3 into cladding layer could drive the molten pool convection,reduce the inclusions and effectively control the generation of pores and cracks. The main phase structures of cladding layers wereβ-Ni Al（ Cr）,Al3 Ni,AlNi3,Al,etc. The diffraction peaks of rare earth compounds Y2O3,YAl3,Al Ni Y,Ni（17）Y2 appeared in XRD patterns after adding Y2O3 excessively. Compared with Ni60 cladding layer without adding rare earth,the Ni60 cladding layer containing Y2O3 had uniformly distributed elements,reduced dilution rate and porosity rate,and refined grain size. The microhardness of Ni60 cladding layer was HV 1017. 6,and that of 5% Y2O3＋ Ni60 cladding layer was HV 1225. 8. The microhardness of 5% Y2O3＋Ni60 was higher than that of Ni60 cladding layer,and its microhardness value transformed smoothly along with the in-depth structure.
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