中文摘要：

用铜做掺杂元素，采用浸渍法以活性炭为载体制备了贵金属载量为20％的Pd-Cu／C系列直接甲醇燃料电池阴极催化剂，比较了4种不同Cu含量催化剂的电催化性能。采用ICP和X射线衍射分析了催化剂中金属元素的比例以及Cu掺杂对Pd／C催化剂晶体结构的影响。结果表明：催化剂中Pd与Cu的物质的量之比与预设值相近，Pd和cn基本被全部还原；Pc／-Cu／C催化剂为面心立方结构，元素铜的加入使催化剂的Pd—Pd间距缩小。从而HOzads和OO键能更好地吸附在催化剂金属表面；当采用NaBH。为还原剂，Pd与cu物质的量比为3：1时，催化剂（Pd，Cu／C）的平均粒径为3．4nm，催化剂的催化性能最好，电化学活性表面积EAS达到38．9m。／gPd，电化学性能较Pd／C催化剂有很大提高，接近Pt／C商用催化剂。

英文摘要：

A series of carbon-supported 20% Pd-Cu/C catalysts for use in direct methanol fuel cells （DMFC） have been prepared by an impregnation method. The electrocatalytic characteristics of the catalysts with different contents of Cu were compared. The effects of Cu on the crystal structure and the elemental states in the catalysts were inves- tigated by XRD and ICP. The results show that the catalysts had been completely reduced, and the molar ratio of Pd to Cu in the catalysts accorded well with the quantities added. The Pd-Cu/C catalysts were shown to have the face centered cubic crystal structure. This could indicate that the addition of Cu shortened the Pd-Pd distances in the crystal lattice, and therefore -HO2ads and O-O could be better adsorbed on the surface of the catalyst. When NaBH4 was used as the reducing agent, and the atomic ratio of Pd to Cu was 3： 1, the resulting catalysts had an average particle size of 3.4 nm and showed the best catalytic performance. The electrochemical active surface area of Pd3 Cu/C was 38.9 m^2/gPd and the oxidation reduction reaction （ORR） activity of the Pd3 Cu/C catalyst was much higher than that of the Pd/C catalyst. The electrochemical activity of the Pd3 Cu/C catalyst was comparable to that of a commercial Pt/C catalyst.