中文摘要：

以厦门海底隧道陆域段为工程背景，通过模型试验研究注浆、小导管、正面锚杆及其组合措施对该段土质围岩的未支护段破坏模式和掌子面破坏模式的加固效果，分别从围岩破坏荷载、围岩位移和初期支护安全性3个方面分析预加固措施对隧道稳定性的影响。研究表明：单个措施比组合措施的控制效果差，同时单个控制措施与围岩类型存在适应性；对单个措施控制围岩破坏程度而言，注浆比小导管和正面锚杆好；正面锚杆对地中位移影响不明显，但对掌子面位移控制效果比小导管好；初期支护的轴力和安全系数的变化规律与预加固措施控制效果有关，而最大弯矩的位置与破坏模式有关。

英文摘要：

Taking the surrounding rock of land section of Xiamen Subsea Tunnel as engineering background, the influence of pre-reinforcement on stability of tunnel from three aspects including failure load of surrounding rocks, displacements of surrounding rocks and safety of primary support is analyzed through model test, in which the effects of grouting, small pipe, anchor and their combination on failure mode of un-supported section and tunnel face are studied. It is shown that single measure is less efficient than the combinatorial one, and the adaptability of single measure should be considered; for single measure to control destructiveness, grouting is more efficient than small pipe and anchor; anchor has less effect on ground displacement, but it is more efficient to control displacement of tunnel face than small pipe. The variation of axial force and safety factor in the primary support stage is related to the effect of pre-reinforcement; and the location of the biggest bending moment is related to the failure mode of tunnel.