中文摘要：

以扫描开尔文探针，局部交流阻抗和扫描电化学显微镜为代表的微区电化学技术以其高精度、高空间解析度的定域分析优势被广泛应用。本文简要介绍了这三种技术的测量原理和关键问题，并着重归纳了这些技术应用于有机涂层／金属界面腐蚀行为的研究成果，包括界面微区表观形貌的获取，不同界面腐蚀机制的推理验证及其影响因素的作用机理等，并对三种技术的重要测量参数进行了解析。研究表明与宏观电化学相比，对于涂层／金属界面腐蚀的研究，微区电化学研究成果具有很好的补充作用，这对于建立有机涂层／金属界面腐蚀的微区电化学理论具有深远的意义。文中最后还对微区电化学技术的局限性和未来发展的方向进行了论述和展望。

英文摘要：

Localized electrochemical techniques such as scanning Kelvin probe （SKP）, localized electrochemical impedance （LEIS） and scanning electrochemical microscopy （SECM） have been applied to many fields due to their high accuracy and high space resolution in local area. This paper briefly introduces the measuring principle of localized electrochemical techniques and their key problems, such as the measurement of corrosion potential with SKP, the selection of redox mediator for SECM and the determination of scanning frequency for LEIS. The emphasis is put on the application of above mentioned three techniques to the study of corrosion behavior at the interface between organic coating and metal substrate. In light of it, the unique advantages of three techniques are elucidated, including on interface morphology acquiring, the deduction and verification of corrosion mechanisms for the interface corrosion and their affecting factors. Meanwhile, the representation of parameters, like interface potential, interface resistance/capacitance and interface current that involved in characterizing processes, is discussed. It is proved that in respect of the interface corrosion, localized electrochemical study complements general electrochemistry well, which is fundamental to the establishment of local electrochemistry for the interface corrosion between organic coating and metal substrate. Also, it has to be recognized that in order to enlarge the applicability of these techniques, they must be further improved in the aspect of ultromicroelectrode size and used jointly with other advanced techniques.