中文摘要：

当今社会消耗了大量的化石能源,使得环境和能源问题十分突出。污泥厌氧消化产沼气是解决能源问题一种具有潜力的方法。然而,传统污泥厌氧消化存在效率低以及污泥停留时间长等问题,严重地阻碍了其优势的发挥。探究了添加不同浓度微量元素Fe和Ni对污泥厌氧消化产气和有机物去除的影响。结果表明,当FeCl2投加量小于400 mg·L^-1时均能促进产气,FeCl2投加量为25 mg·L^-1时,产气率取得最大值414.6 mL·g-1（VSadded）,比对照组高28 mL·g^-1（VSadded）。当NiCl2投加量小于5 mg·L^-1时均能促进产气,在NiCl2投加量为5 mg·L^-1时,产气率取得最大值389.5 mL·g^-1（VSadded）。在最佳投加浓度下,添加Fe对产气的促进效果比添加Ni对产气的促进效果好。对有机物去除而言,当FeCl2投加浓度为25 mg·L^-1时,有机物去除率轻微提升,而后随着FeCl2添加量的增加整体呈下降趋势,FeCl2最佳投加浓度为25 mg·L^-1。有机物去除率随着NiCl2添加量的增加整体呈下降趋势。在水解产酸实验中,最优FeCl2投加条件下（25 mg·L^-1）能使污泥溶解态化学需氧量和挥发性脂肪酸浓度分别提高15.3%和39.2%,为后续的产气提供了更好的基质条件。

英文摘要：

The use of large amount of fossil energy has caused serious environment and energy problems. Sludge anaerobic digestion has been considered as a potential method to solve above problems. However,conventional sludge anaerobic digestion has some drawbacks such as low efficiency and long sludge retention time. This paper investigated effects of adding trace elements Fe and Ni on biogas production and organic matters removal during sludge anaerobic digestion. As for biogas production,results showed that when FeCl2 concentration was added below 400 mg·L^-1,biogas production was higher than that of control. The highest biogas yield of 414. 6 mL·g-1（VSadded） was obtained at the adding dosage of 25 mg·L^-1,which was 28 mL·g^-1（VSadded） higher than that of control. Cumulative biogas production increased with the increase of NiCl2 addition dosages in the range of0 - 5 mg·L^-1. The highest biogas yield of 389. 5 mL·g^-1（VSadded） were obtained at the NiCl2 adding dosage of 5 mg·L^-1. At the optimal condition,the enhancement of biogas by adding FeCl2 was higher than that by adding NiCl2.As for organic matters removal,the volatile solids removal was slight improved by adding 25 mg·L^-1FeCl2 compared with control,and then decreased with the increase of FeCl2 addition dosage. The volatile solids removal was decreased with the increase of NiCl2 addition dosage compared with control. The best adding dosage of FeCl2 was 25 mg·L^-1during sludge anaerobic digestion based on biogas yield,volatile solids removal and cost. The soluble chemical oxygen demand and volatile fatty acids concentrations were improved by 15. 3%and 39. 2% with the addition of 25 mg·L^-1FeCl2,which provided a better substrate condition for biogas production.