中文摘要：

反式烯脂酰-CoA还原酶（trans-2,3-enoyl-CoA reductase,ECR）是催化超长链脂肪酸（VLCFAs）合成的脂肪酰-CoA延长酶之一。根据已报道拟南芥ECR基因设计引物,采用RACE（rapid amplification of cDNA ends）方法从甘蓝型油菜中克隆ECR的全长cDNA序列和对应的基因组序列,命名为BnECR（GenBank登录号分别为FJ899705和FJ899706）。序列分析结果显示,BnECR的全长cDNA序列为1328bp,对应的基因组序列为2093bp,由4个外显子组成,在ORF的上、下游分别有一个163bp的5′UTR和一个232bp的3′UTR。根据编码区预测BnECR前体蛋白为一个310个氨基酸残基的多肽链,包含ECR蛋白的重要功能位点K144、R145及一个NAD（P）H结合基序G225SGGYQIPR/HG234。NCBIBlastn、氨基酸序列多重比对及保守域分析表明,该基因与拟南芥AtECR基因的同源性最高,是对应拟南芥AtECR的垂直同源基因。RT-PCR分析表明,BnECR基因在甘蓝型油菜根、茎、叶、花及角果中均有表达,其中在茎中的表达量最高。BnECR在高芥酸材料种子发育中后期的表达量显著高于低芥酸种子,表明BnECR可能参与甘蓝型油菜芥酸的合成。将BnECR克隆到酿酒酵母的穿梭表达载体中,分别转化野生型酵母By4743和突变体菌株YDL015c,添加半乳糖诱导表达。气相色谱分析表明,BnECR在酿酒酵母中有效表达,转化菌株中的芥酸（C22：1）占总脂肪酸含量的1.34%,比对照增加52%;对突变体的转化结果表明芥酸含量恢复到野生型水平。

英文摘要：

Very-long-chain fatty acids（VLCFAs）are critical components found in cuticular waxes,sphingolipids and triacylglycerols in higher plants.Biosynthesis of VLCFAs is catalyzed by the fatty acyl-CoA elongase,a membrane-bound enzymatic complex containing 3-ketoacyl-CoA synthase（KCS）,3-ketoacyl-CoA reductase（KCR）,3-hydroxacyl-CoA dehydratase（HCD）,and trans-2,3-enoyl-CoA reductase（ECR）.In this research,primers were designed based on multiple alignments of trans-2,3enoyl-CoA reductase（ECR）gene sequences from Arabidopsis thaliana,and the full-length cDNA,here designated BnECR,and the corresponding genomic sequences were isolated from Brassica napus by using rapid amplification of cDNA ends（RACE） method（GenBank accession No.FJ899705 and No.FJ899705）.The sequence of BnECR cDNA was 1 328 bp（excluding the poly dA tail）,and the corresponding genomic sequence was 2 093 bp.BnECR was composed of four exons and contained a 163 bp 5＇ untranslated region（5＇UTR）and a 233 bp 3＇UTR.The deduced BnECR protein was 310 amino acid in length,with a MW of 735.78 kD and a pI of 9.52.The critical functional sites K144 and R145 in AtECR were unchanged in BnECR.The G225SGGYQIPR/HG234 which presented a non-classical NADPH-binding motif was found in C-terminal of BnECR.NCBI Blastn,multiple alignments and conserved domain search showed that BnECR had the highest homology to A.thaliana AtECR.RT-PCR analysis showed that BnECR was ubiquitously expressed in B.napus and preferentially expressed in stem.The transcript level of BnECR at middle and late stages of seed development in low erucic acid rapeseed cultivar was obviously lower than that in high erucic acid rapeseed cultivar,suggesting that BnECR was involved in biosynthesis of erucic acid.The 933 bp BnECR ORF was subcloned into the yeast-E.coli shuttle vector pYES2.0.And then the recombinant plasmid was transformed into Saccharomyces cerevisiae wild type strain By4743 and mutant strain YDL015c,respectively.With galactose as inducer,the transformant was c