中文摘要：

我国的扶贫战略自改革开放以来获得了巨大成功,农户贫困率降低十分显著,但随着扶贫的深入,消除剩余贫困的难度也不断增大。基于浙江、湖北、云南三省1 362户农户持续10年的微观调研面板数据,综合采用统计指标和计量模型方法,分析了我国农户贫困的持续性特征及其主要影响因素。研究表明,虽然我国农户贫困主要是暂时性的,但随着贫困标准的提高,持续性贫困人口比例将显著增加,且区域分布不均衡,东西部在贫困的广度和深度上都存在显著差异。农户个体的人力资本和社会资本是其脱离持续性贫困的重要影响因素。此外,减少社会排斥将促进弱势农户提高社会资源积累,有助于农户脱离长期贫困。分散收入风险,也有利于农户摆脱长期贫困。除了人力资本、社会排斥性、收入风险等对农户贫困持续性产生影响外,地区资源禀赋,尤其是市场经济条件差异会对农户持续性贫困产生显著影响。当农户长期处于贫困,这表明其脱离贫困的难度更大,可行能力被剥夺的程度更深,应当是扶贫政策关注的重点。

英文摘要：

Since reform and opening up, our poverty reduction strategies has achieved great success, with the declining poverty ratio of peasant households. But it is difficult to reduce the remaining poverty. This thesis is based on the ten- year data of survey in peasant households from Zhejiang, Hubei and Yunnan Province. This paper uses statistical method and adopt econometric model to analysis the characters and the main influential factors of rural poverty. It is indicated by the results that, although the poverty of peasant households is temporary, the proportion of population in persistent poverty will increased dramatically with the increasing standard of poverty. Besides, there are regional disparities in the width and depth of poverty. The human capital and social capital of peasant households are the key factors of reducing the persistent poverty. Apart from this, eliminating social exclusion will benefit to their accumulation of social resources, thus decreasing poverty. Moreover, spreading income risks is of great significance. In addition, regional resources endowment, especially the conditions of market economy make a difference. And when a peasant household is in poverty in the long term, it means it is more difficult to move out of it, which is supposed to be the emphasis of poverty reducing policy.