中文摘要：

为实现尾涡告警,保障飞行安全和提高机场容量,研究了飞机尾涡特性和激光探测技术。阐述了飞机尾涡的生成机理,利用解析模型和仿真计算研究了尾涡特性;给出了尾涡相干多普勒激光探测原理,设计了尾涡探测方式,分析了回波多普勒谱特性,并计算了尾涡探测精度。研究表明：尾涡强度与衰减等特性与飞机质量相关;其回波多普勒谱值反比于多普勒频移的三次方和飞行速度的二次方,而正比于飞机质量的二次方;基于1.5m脉冲相干多普勒激光雷达的尾涡探测具有高精度、远距离的优势。此外,通过初步开展的机场尾涡探测实验验证了激光探测尾涡的方法切实可行,性能优越。

英文摘要：

In order to achieve the wake vortex warning for assuring flight security and increasing airport capacity,the characteristics of aircraft wake vortex and lidar detection technique were researched.The mechanism of wake vortex generated by aircraft was introduced,and its characteristics were studied through analytic model and simulated computation.The principle and scheme of wake vortex detection by coherent Doppler lidar were presented,and the Doppler spectrum characteristics of laser echo created by wake vortex were also analyzed.Meanwhile,the detection precision of wake vortex was calculated.The results show that the wake vortex strength and the decay characteristics are relative to aircraft mass.The Doppler spectrum value of laser echo is inversely proportional to the cube of Doppler shift and the square of flight velocity,but directly proportional to the square of aircraft mass.Moreover,the wake vortex detection based on 1.5 m pulsed coherent Doppler lidar has advantages of high precision and long range.With the field experiment,the potential of Doppler lidar for wake vortex detection has been demonstrated,which has excellent performance.