中文摘要：

电子气体磁化是热力学与统计物理等学科教学中经常采用的理论应用方面的范例。就广义电子气体的磁化展开讨论，涵盖了从经典到量子、从简并到非简并、从非相对论到相对论、从弱场到强场等的许多范围，对学生掌握概念、体会物理理论的使用范围等方面具有很好的示范作用。其中相对论电子气体磁化的结果来自作者的科研成果，没有详细论述，可参阅文中所列举的参考文献进行了解。另外，文中所包含的磁相变内容也是教学中讨论各种相变的实例之一。

英文摘要：

Magnetization of free electron gas for the entire regime is an ideal example for the teaching of thermodynamics and statistical mechanics et al. The entire regime includes degenerate and non-degenerate, classical and quantum, non-relativistic and relativistic, low magnetic field and high magnetic field et al. From this, students can understand the conception of physics and the differences between application range of physical theory. The relativistic parts about magnetization of electron gas come from the results of author, which can be referenced from corresponding references. However, the magnetic phase transition in this paper is also an ideal example for the teaching and the study of general phase transitions.