探讨了地图数字化过程中采用平差方法来建立坐标计算的统一模型。将测得的角度、边长等数据化为方向、距离观测值列立误差方程,通过调用统一的平差迭代计算程序来计算未知点坐标及精度。详细给出了基于平差的11种常用坐标计算方法,并通过实例进行了说明。
This paper presents a universal model for calculating point coordinates based on least squares adjustment method. The measured angles and distances are first converted into the direction and distance observations, then the error equations are constructed and the unknowncoordinate parameters and accuracy are derived from a universal iterative adjustment computation. The proposed model has the characteristics of high accuracy and generic algorithm. Using Levenberg-Marquardt least squares iterative adjustment, initial values of unknown points are given graphically according to the geometric relationship among the meaured objects, and the results are obtained robustly. The often-used total eleven coordinate calculation methods are derived on the basis of the proposed model in detail, and the implementation of the model is illustrated through a case study.