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中文摘要：
采用刚性伺服试验机和声发射仪器，研究了预置三维裂隙间距对砂浆材料力学特性的影响，总结了含裂隙试件的破坏过程。综合分析单轴压缩应力．应变曲线和声发射数据可知，含三维裂隙试件的破坏主要由预置裂隙扩展、贯通造成，破坏过程可以分为微裂纹萌生、预置裂隙起裂、扩展、贯通几个基本阶段，试件最终破坏型式为单斜面剪切破坏。裂隙间距d与椭圆形裂隙长轴2c之比（d／2c）在0～1范围内，随着d／2c值增大，试件起裂应力盯，和峰值强度％有降低的趋势。当d／2c值从1／3增至2，3时，σi和σp发生突降，可见此范围为影响强度的敏感区间。d／2c值为1的试件σi和σp最低，相对完整（无预置裂隙）试件分别降低了22．48％和18．60％。裂隙间距不同的试件σi和σp之比变化范围为83．1％～78．9％，且随d／2c值增大，σi／σp有下降趋势。可见裂隙间距越大，从起裂应力到峰值应力的承载空间越大，这对工程实践有一定参考价值。
英文摘要：
The rigid serve-controlled test machine and acoustic emission equipment are used to study the influence of space between 3D-cracks on the mechanical feature of mortar material; and the failure process of samples with pre-existing cracks is concluded. The analysis of complete stress-strain curves and AE data indicates that sample failure is due to the propagation and coalescence of cracks. Failure process of samples with pre-existing cracks could be divided into the following stages： microcrack initiation, initiation of pre-existing cracks, crack propagation and crack coalescence. The failure pattern is shear failure along single inclined plane. When the ratio of cracks space d and length of elliptic crack long axis 2c ranging from 0-1, as the ratio grows, the initiation stress and maximum stress of samples reduce. With the ratio d/2c growing from 1/3 to 2/3, the initiation stress and maximum stress fall suddenly, showing that this space scope is the sensitive range. When the ratio d/2c =1, the initiation stress and maximum stress of sample fall 22.48 % and 18.60 % respectively corresponding to the sample without pre-existing cracks. The ratio of initiation stress to maximum stress of all different samples ranges from 83.1% to 78.9 %. As the ratio d/2c grows, the ratio of initiation stress to maximum stress declines, which indicates that as space d grows, the loading range between initiation stress and maximum stress increase.
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