中文摘要：

采用搅拌摩擦加工（FSP）技术制备了金属间化合物增强铝基（IMC／A1）复合材料，通过扫描电镜（SEM）、能谱仪（EDS）、X射线衍射仪（XRD）和拉伸试验机等研究了分散剂SiC和CNTs对复合材料组织的均匀性、增强相含量与尺寸及拉伸强度的影响。结果表明：通过FSP制备IMC／Al复合材料时出现镍粉团聚现象，团聚体的形状主要为类条形和类椭圆形；分散剂的添加对镍粉的团聚起到抑制作用，改善了复合材料复合区组织的均匀性，其中CNTs抑制镍粉团聚的效果优于SiC的；分散剂的添加促进了铝和镍原位反应的进行，使得复合材料中增强相Al3Ni的数量增多；分散剂的添加提高了复合材料的力学性能，添加CNTs制备复合材料的最大抗拉强度为171MPa，比未添加分散剂制备复合材料的提高了15．5％。

英文摘要：

The Intermetallic compound reinforced aluminum matrix composite was prepared by friction stir processing （FSP） technology. The effect of dispersant SiC and CNTs in the composite on the uniformity of microstructures, reinforced phase contents and size and tensile properties of composite was analyzed by scanning eletron microscope （SEM）, energy disperse spectroscopy （EDS）, X-ray diffractometer （XRD） and tensile tester. The results show that the Ni powder agglomeration was found in IMC/A1 composite prepared by FSP. The shape of aggregate was similar stripe and similar oval. The dispersant addition inhibited the agglomeration of Ni powder and improved the uniformity of compound region of composite. CNTs had a better effect on inhibiting agglomeration than SiC. The dispersant addition promoted the A1 Ni in-situ reaction that produced more reinforced phase of Alz Ni. The dispersant addition improved the mechanical properties of composite. The maximum tensile strength of composite reached 171 MPa after adding CNTs and increased by 15.5% compared with that of composite without dispersant.