中文摘要：

联合国开发计划署2010年的《人类发展报告》（HDR2010）中,人类发展指数（HDI）的测度方法发生了实质性的改进。指标的选取、阈值的选择和算法的变化是人类发展指数演变的三条基本路径,其既有方法论依据,也顺应人类发展理念的更新。基于中国省际面板数据,对＂混合HDI＂、＂非收入HDI＂和＂旧版HDI＂进行比较,结果发现：人类发展指数算法的此次改进很好地达到了预期的效果——忽略人类发展的任何一个维度都将受到惩罚;中国的人类发展水平在地区间很不平衡;计划经济时代为我们在健康和知识方面打下了良好的基础,但改革开放后GDP的增长则成为决定地区人类发展水平的最重要因素。人类发展指数测度方法和经验分析还可以进一步拓展和深化,如将治理和环境等因素嵌入HDI、考虑每个维度的不平等因素、与其他方法的综合以及精确性和灵活性之间的权衡取舍等。

英文摘要：

In Human Development Report 2010（HDR2010） of Development Programme of the United Nations,the measurement methodologies for Human Development Indicators（HDI） are substantively improved.The choosing of indicators,selection of threshold value and the change of algorithm are three basic paths for the evolution of Human Development Indicators,which is not only based on methodology theory but also complies with the renewing of human development ideas.Based on provincial panel data of China,and by comparing with hybrid HDI,non-income HDI and old HDI,the results indicate that the improvement of HDI reaches the expected goal,that the neglect of any one dimension of human development will be punished,that human development level between regions of China is largely unbalanced,that the era of plan economy reserves virtuous basis in the perspective of health and knowledge,however,after reform and opening to outside world,GDP growth rate becomes the most important factor to determine regional human development level.HDI measurement methodologies and experience analysis can be further expanded and deepened,e.g.the factors of governance,environment and so on are imbedded into HDI,the inequality factors of each dimension are considered,other methods are integrated into the measurement methodologies and experience analysis,and the balance and choice between precision and flexibility should be conducted,etc.