目的了解砷甲基转移酶AS3MT多态性在中国16个人群样本中的分布特征。方法采集中国13个少数民族及3个汉族地区共1440个健康个体外周静脉血,按常规酚-氯仿法提取DNA。采用聚合酶链反应(PCR)并结合琼脂糖凝胶电泳技术,检测16个人群样本中AS3MT基因5'-UTR区VNTR位点的基因型分布。结果在1440个样本中,共检测出5种基因型,其中V2/V3(AB/A2B)、V3/V3(A2B/A2B)、V2/V2(AB/AB)、V2/V4(AB/A3B)和V3/V4(A2B/A3B)基因型各检出771、426、221、16、16人。分别占总样本的53.5%、29.6%、14.7%、1.1%和1.1%。AB(V2)、A2B(V3)、A3B(V4)三种等位基因在总体人群中的分布频率分别为41.9%、57.O%、1.1%。北方与南方AB(V2)和A2B(V3)两种等位基因的分布频率比较,差异有统计学意义(χ^2值分别为23.39、33.28,P〈0.007)。结论中国不同地区人群AS3MT基因具有多态性分布,AB(V2)和A2B(V3)两种等位基因分布频率差别较大,AS3MT基因5'-UTR区VNTR位点可用于评估高砷暴露人群砷中毒易感性研究。
Objective To investigate and evaluate the polymorphism distribution of arsenic (+3 oxidation state) methyltransferase (AS3MT) 5'-UTR VNTR in Chinese populations. Methods Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood anti-coagulated with ACD of 1440 individuals in a standard phenol-chloroform protocol. The phenotypes of AS3MT 5'-UTR VNTR were determined by polymerase chain reaction(PCR) associated with agarose gel electrophoresis. Results Of the 1440 individuals, 771(53.5%), 426(29.6%), 211(14.7%), 16(1.1%) and 16 (1.1%) were carriers of the V2/V3 (AB/A2B), V3/V3 (A2B/A2B), V2/V2 (AB/AB), V2/V4 (AB/A3B) and V3/V4 (A2B/A3B) genotype, respectively. The AB (V2), A2B (V3) and A3B (V4) allele frequency was 41.9%, 57.0%, 1.1% respectively. The differences of AB (V2) and A2B(V3) allele frequency were all significant between the northern and southern populations respectively (χ^2 = 23.39,χ^2= 33228, P 〈 0.007). Conclusions In different regions the AB(V2) and A2B(V3) allele frequency is different, the AS3MT 5'-UTR VNTR polymorphism can be used to evaluate the susceptivity of arsenicosis.