中文摘要：

天然产物资源丰富,其高效利用离不开先进的分离技术。兼具离子液体高选择性及聚合物安全、易回收等特性的聚离子液体为天然产物的分离提供了新途径。在介绍聚阳离子型、聚阴离子型和聚两性型离子液体制备技术的基础上,综述了使用聚离子液体的固相萃取、固相微萃取、分子印迹固相萃取、液液萃取及毛细管电泳技术在黄酮类、生物碱类、酚类、蛋白质类等天然产物分离中的研究进展,分析了聚离子液体分离作用机理及其具有良好的分离效率、稳定性和回收再利用性能的原因,特别强调了刺激响应聚离子液体在天然产物分离中的优势,并从聚离子液体设计和定制出发对聚离子液体在分离领域所存在的挑战和潜在的应用进行了展望。

英文摘要：

Development of natural products relies heavily on advanced separation technologies for extraction from abundant biomass raw material sources. A novel approach for isolating natural products and their precursors is the use of the poly（ionic liquid）. Poly（ionic liquid） extractants provide the polarity, designability and selectivity of ionic liquids while being less toxic and more easily recoverable. In this review, synthetic methods of polycations, polyanions and polyzwitterions are summarized. The latest progress in the use of poly（ionic liquid）-mediated solid phase extraction, solid phase microextraction, molecular imprinted solid phase extraction, liquid-liquid extraction and capillary electrophoresis technologies to separate natural products such as flavonoids, alkaloids, phenols and proteins are reviewed. This will include a description of the proposed separation mechanism and the features of this approach including the reported efficiencies, stability, and recoverability of poly（ionic liquid）s. The specific focus will be on the use of smart polymeric materials for separation of natural products. Moreover, the designing and synthetic tailoring of new species to address current challenges and expand the applicability of poly（ionic liquid）-mediated technologies for separating natural products will be introduced.