中文摘要：

肿瘤干细胞是肿瘤的起源性细胞，具有高度的致瘤性和耐药性。微小RNA（microRNA或miRNA）是由21-25个核苷酸组成的内源性非编码单链RNA，是基因表达调控因子，参与许多生物功能的调节。最近的研究发现，microRNA参与肿瘤干细胞的分化、自我更新等生物学特性的调控。肿瘤干细胞和microRNAs可以作为肿瘤研究的一个新的切入点。本文就近年来的研究进展做简要综述。

英文摘要：

microRNA （miRNA） is an endogenous, non-coding, single-stranded RNA that consists of 21 to 25 nucleotides, miR- NA is a regulating factor of gene expression and other biological functions, miRNAs also regulate the differentiation and regeneration of cancer stem cells （CSCs）. CSCs are cells that generate cancer. Furthermore, CSCs can severely cause tumor and exhibit drug resis- tance. This study investigated the use of miRNA as a new tool for stem cell research. The progress of miRNA regulation in CSCs was al- so reviewed.