中文摘要：

文章首先估计了安徽城乡的收入差距指标（基尼系数），利用自1989-2011年的环境质量指标、收入水平以及基尼系数数据，不仅考察了收入水平与环境质量间的倒U型关系，也证实了收入差距、特别是城镇收入差距对安徽环境质量产生重要影响，即随着收入差距的扩大，环境质量呈现恶化趋势。因此，在注重环境管制的同时，缩小收入差距，提高人们对环境政策制定的参与度，将有利于提高环境质量水平。

英文摘要：

After estimating the income gap （Gini Coefficient） between urban and rural areas in Anhui, using the environmen- tal quality, income level and the Gini Coefficient data from 1989 to 2011, this paper examines the inverted U-shaped relationship between the level of income and environmental quality. The results show that the income gap, especially urban income gap, plays the crucial role in Environmental Kuznets Curve （EKC）. With the income gap expanding, the environmental problems is more serious in Anhui Province. Therefore, some countermeasures, such as strengthening environmental regulations, reducing the income gap and enhancing the degree of the environmental policy-making participation, will be helpful for improving environmental quality.