中文摘要：

学术背景：组织材料血管化是组织工程学中重要的组成部分之一,复合材料的血管化对复合其上的细胞存活以及原有组织或器官功能的恢复起到至关重要的作用。目的：结合近年来的相关文献,对尿路组织工程修复重建中血管化的研究做一综述。检索策略：由第一作者应用计算机检索PUBMED,中国期刊数据库2002-07/2007-10相关文章,检索词为“tissueengineering,vascularization,angiogenesis,omentum,growthfactor,endothelialprogenitorcell,urethra,bladder,urology”或“组织工程,血管化,尿道,膀胱,生长因子,网膜,血管内皮组细胞,尿路”,文章语言种类为“English”或中文。纳入标准：内容应与泌尿系统组织修复重建材料血管化的研究相关。排除标准：重复文章。文献评价：共收集到214篇相关文献,82篇符合纳入标准,其中31篇涉及网膜在泌尿系统血管化中的应用,25篇涉及生长因子在泌尿系统组织工程重建中的研究,剩余26篇为种子细胞在泌尿系统血管化中的应用。选用具有代表性的30篇。资料综合：目前已有研究利用网膜作为生物反应器对不同的支架材料进行包埋以重建输尿管和膀胱组织,并取得了满意的效果;还有利用血管内皮细胞生长因子、碱性成纤维细胞生长因子等相关生长因子与脱细胞基质进行复合促进了毛细血管的增生的研究;更有学者利用各种相关的种子细胞与支架材料复合构建具有微血管结构的替代材料。而从干细胞和相关祖细胞上对组织材料进行微血管化的构建将是泌尿系统组织替代材料血管化的发展方向。结论：利用多种手段进行材料血管化的研究是目前泌尿系统组织工程研究中的重点之一,但其研究尚处在起步阶段,多数报道仅处于实验室阶段,真正应用于临床的文献较少见。因而目前来说仍有许多关键点有待于解决。

英文摘要：

BACKGROUND： As an important part of tissue engineering, vascularization of compound materials is crucial to the survival of seed cells on scaffolds and the functional recovery of original tissues or organs. OBJECTIVE： To summarize the current development of vascularization in tissue engineering repair and reconstruction for urology. RETRIEVAL STRATEGY： An online search was conducted in PUBMED database and CNKI database to identify the articles related to vascularization in urology published from July 2002 to October 2007 using the key words of ＂tissue engineering, vascularization, angiogenesis, omentum, growth factor, endothelial progenitor cell, urethra, bladder, urology＂ in English or in Chinese. Inclusive criterion： The contents of articles were related to vascularization research in tissue engineering repair and reconstruction for urology. Those repeated studies were excluded. LITERATURE EVALUATION： Totally 214 related papers were collected, and 82 of them met the criteria, including 31 and 25 papers related to the use of omentum and growth factor in tissue engineering for urology respectively, and other 26 articles related to the use of seed cells for vascularization in urinary system. Thirty representative articles were selected as the references. DATA SYNTHESIS： At present, the great omentum has been used as a bioreactor. After being wrapped by the omentum, the tissue engineered ureter or bladder can be seen a well vascularized structure. Some researches have also found when acellular matrix is combined with some growth factors, such as vascular endothelial cell growth factor and basic fibroblast growth factor, the formation of blood capillary on scaffolds can be promoted. Moreover, various seed cells have been used to construct a substitute material by combining with capillary structure. Not only stem cells but also progenitor cells have been considered as a potential to construct microvascularized tissue engineered organs for urology. CONCLUSION： It is certain that vascularization resea