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中文摘要：
西安地区长期遭受地面沉降和地裂缝灾害。采用合成孔径雷达干涉测量（InSAR）技术对该区域1992年至今的地面沉降和地裂缝的时空特征进行了监测。主要分3个阶段进行，在每一阶段尤其对InSAR处理过程中的干涉图滤波进行了迭代自适应处理和相位解缠进行了顾及粗差的改正，通过与同期水准和GPS监测结果比较可得InSAR精度达1cm。从3个时间段的InSAR成果可以看出在空间分布上，西安市的东郊和南郊是沉降严重的区域；从时间发育来看，最大沉降阶段发生在1996年，最大沉降量达21cm，而2006年的最大沉降量减少到8cm，且沉降中心转移到西南郊；3个阶段均探测到活动地裂缝两侧的不均匀沉降，地裂缝的南侧沉降均大于北侧。该研究将为西安地区地面沉降和地裂缝的解释和减灾提供数据支持。
英文摘要：
Xian city has been experiencing serious land subsidence and ground fissure activities for a long time, SAR interferometry（InSAR） has been applied to monitor the spatio - temperal characteristics of land subsidence and ground fissure in this area since 1992, where adaptive interferogram filtering and phase unwrapping algorithms with gross elimination are considered in each interferometric pair. The InSAR results are calibrated with leveling and GPS results in the similar monitoring time, respectively. One centimeter precision is achieved. In conclusion, the main subsidence regions are the eastern and southern suburbs. The second subsidence stage was the maximum stage with nearly 21cm subsidence in 1996. The subsidence rate has decreased to 8 cm while the subsidence cone has shifted to southwestern suburb. It is also detected that the non- linear deformation is in active ground fissure areas and the subsidence rate in the south is larger than the north. This research results can give a great data support for further inversion and hazard mitigation.
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