中文摘要：

烷烃在自然界中广泛存在。它不仅是化石能源的主要组成部分,而且在润滑剂、化妆品、水果保藏、植物防护等方面具有广泛的应用价值。本文概述了天然产烷烃的微生物及其烷烃的天然合成途径及其途径中关键酶催化的作用机理,并对近几年国内外运用代谢工程手段改造微生物使其细胞合成烷烃的研究进展作了介绍。微生物生产烷烃可以通过改造烷烃的天然合成菌株或通过在模式微生物中引入异源烷烃合成途径两种方法来强化。最后文章讨论了微生物法生产烷烃存在的不足和今后研究的方向与展望。

英文摘要：

Alkanes widely distribute in nature world. It is not only the major components of fossil fuel, but also widely used in flieds of lubricants, cosmetics, fruit preservation, plant protection and so on. In this paper, the wild type alkanesproducing microbial strains including their alkanes synthesis pathways and catalysis mechanism of key enzyme were outlined, and the recent research processes of metabolic engineering with microbial strains for synthesizing alkanes were introduced. Microbial production of alkanes could be achieved either by enhancing alkanes production using wild type alkanes-produeing microbial strains or by heterogeneous introduction of alkanes synthesis pathway into cells of model microbial strains. Finally, the limitation and the future research on biotechnological production of alkanes were discussed.