中文摘要：

绝缘子覆冰严重威胁输电线路的安全运行。国内外已有许多关于绝缘子覆冰闪络导致电力系统故障的报道，对绝缘子覆冰过程及其特性开展深入研究具有重要意义。文中在人工气候室模拟自然覆冰条件，对7片XP-70、XWP-160瓷绝缘子串和FXBW4^-110／100合成绝缘子在运行电压（相对地电压64kV）下和不带电情况下的覆冰特性进行了试验研究。分析了带电和不带电对绝缘子覆冰的影响和差异，结果表明：带电与不带电条件下绝缘子覆冰状况有差异，带电覆冰下绝缘子高压端不易被冰棱桥接，绝缘子带电时覆冰密度比不带电时覆冰密度小，且带电时绝缘子表面覆冰多呈松针状。绝缘子覆冰密度与电场强度、绝缘子材料、结构、形状、覆冰水电导率等有关。

英文摘要：

Insulators＇ icing is one of the severe problems for external insulation of transmission lines and there are a lot of reports about power outages caused by flashover of the ice-covered insulators from all over the world. Therefore, it is very significant to investigate the icing process and the icing performances of insulators. Experiment investigations are carded out on 110kV composite insulators and 7 units of IEC standard suspension porcelain insulator string as well as 7 units of XWP-160 anti-pollution porcelain insulator string energized with 64kV voltages in the artificial climate chamber of Chongqing University. Based on the test results, it puts forward that there are evidence difference in ice status between the energized insulator strings and the non-energized ones. The energized insulators at the high voltage end are hard to be bridged by icicles and the ice density accreted on energized insulator string is lower than that of non-energized ones. It also shows that the electric strength, the material, type, structure of insulators and the water conductivity may influence the ice density.