中文摘要：

超临界萃取过程在制药、食品、中药和天然产物提取等领域有广泛的应用前景，其中二氧化碳是最常用的超临界溶剂。作为过程强化的一种手段，使用超临界流体在线萃取抑制性的发酵产物，可提高底物的转化率和产物的收率．然而，加压或超临界CO。对微生物存活率和代谢活性有副作用。

英文摘要：

Scanning electron microcopy （SEM） and differential scan calorimetry （DSC） were used to evaluate structure changes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells under the treatment of high-pressure CO2 over the fermentation broth. Compared with controlled fermentation, the ethanol concentration in the fermentation broth after 24 h greatly decreased under high-pressure CO2. DSC studies of whole cells showed that the ribosomes and DNA were not changed after high pressure CO2 treatment although some components were denatured, leading to the lowering of the corresponding decomposition temperature. The fermentation under 1 and 8 MPa CO2 caused obvious changes on the wall surface of cells. Wrinkles were formed on the wall of cells and the cell wall coarseness increased at elevated pressure as observed with SEM observations.