中文摘要：

利用GOES（Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite）-9红外卫星云图和NCEP（National Centers for Environmental Prediction）发行的FNL（Final Analyses）客观分析资料以及潜热通量资料,对2005年12月4日发生在日本海上空的1个极地低压的时空特征进行了研究。首先根据卫星云图特征,对该极地低压的演变过程进行了分析,可以划分为初始、发展、成熟和衰亡4个阶段。极地低压发展前,大气的斜压性较强,高空伴随有很强的冷平流。在卫星云图上,成熟时的极地低压伴随有螺旋云系,并有明显的眼区,眼区为无风区,且眼区中心附近有很强的上升气流。该极地低压具有暖心结构,眼区周围的气压梯度很大,大风区位于低压中心的西侧。在极地低压发展和成熟阶段,其中心附近的潜热通量可达到220Wm2。

英文摘要：

Polar low is an intense cyclone that develops over middle-or high-latitude oceans in winter. In this paper, a meso-α-scale polar low which occurred over the Japan Sea on December 4 2005 was investigated by using almost all available observational data, including the GOES（Geostationary Operational Environmental Satel- lite）-9 infrared satellite imagery, the FNL（Final Analyses） data and the latent heat flux data issued by NCEP （National Centers for Environmental Prediction）. Firstly, the evolutionary process of this polar low was documented based upon the satellite imagery, and its whole life can be divided into four stages： initial, developing, mature and dissipation stages. Prior to the development of the polar low, there existed a strong baroclinic zone in the upper-atmosphere accompanied with stronger cold advection. On satellite image, the mature polar low had a spiral-shaped cloud bands and a clear ＂eye＂ structure. The ＂eye＂ area of the polar low was free of wind, and was accompanied with a stronger updraft near its center region. This polar low also had a ＂warm core＂ structure at its mature stage. The baroclinicity and the transports of sensible and latent heat fluxes from the ocean to the atmosphere seemed to be the major contributors for the polar low development.