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中文摘要：
在分析船舶倒车冲程的基础上,应用交通流跟驰理论,研究超大型船舶纵向间距,建立超大型船舶安全纵向间距计算模型,并分不同情形给出计算实例。运用该模型对渤海深水航路超大型船舶的安全纵向间距进行计算,并将结果与用其他模型计算的结果相比较。发现：在水深吃水比〈1.5时,运用该模型算得的安全纵向间距较大,更能保证船舶安全;在水深吃水比≥1.5时,运用该模型算得的纵向间距较小,有利于提高船舶通过能力、充分利用水域资源。结果表明：该模型在计算船舶安全纵向间距方面更有优势。
英文摘要：
The crash stopping distance of vessels, and the calculation model of safe longitudinal distance for very large vessels are studied by the following theory of traffic flow. Several calculation instances in different situations are given. The safe longitudinal distance of very large vessels in deep water route of Bohai Sea is calculated by the proposed model and the result is compared to the results calculated by other models. The comparison indicates that the safe longitudinal distance worked out by the proposed model is better than others： it is bigger, therefore, is safer when depth draft ratio is less than 1.5, while it is smaller when depth draft ratio is equal to or greater than 1.5, which means the vessel transit capacity can be higher, and good for effective use of the water resource.
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