目的分析不同中性粒细胞绝对计数(ANc)阈值下极重型再生障碍性贫血(vsAA)患者接受一线免疫抑制治疗(IST)的早期血液学反应和长期生存情况。方法回顾性分析145例接受一线IST的VSAA患者临床资料,比较不同ANC阈值下VSAA患者的早期血液学反应、5年总生存(OS)及无病生存(EFS)率。结果以ANC0.05×10^9/L为界观察VSAA患者IST后3、6个月的血液学反应,145例患者中ANC≤0.05×10^9/L者为82例,ANC〉0.05×10^9/L者为63例,早期病死率分别为13.4%(11/82)、1.6%(1/63)(P〈0.05);IST后3个月血液学反应率分别为22.0%、54.0%(P=0.000),IST后6个月分别为34.1%、63.5%(P=0.000);5年OS率分别为(62.5±5.4)%、(91.4±3.7)%(P=0.000),5年EFS率分别为(42.3±5.5)%、(63.1±6.5)%(P=0.003);两组差异均有统计学意义。结论ANC≤0.05×10^9/L的VSAA患者接受一线IST早期病死率高、疗效差,应当考虑起效更快、疗效更高的治疗决策。
Objective To analyze early hematopoietic response and long-term survival of very severe aplastic anemia (VSAA) patients with different absolute neutrophil counts (ANC) after frontline immnunosuppressive therapy (IST). Methods Clinical data and outcome of 145 VSAA patients treated with rabbit antithymocyte globulin combined with cyclosporine were retrospectively analyzed. Hematopoietic responses to IST and long-term survival were statistically analyzed for VSAA patients in different ANC subgroups. Results Pre-IST ANC=0.05 ×10^9/L acted as the best cutoff level to predict IST response at 3, 6 months. For 145 VSAA patients, early death rate was 13.4% (11/82) vs 1.6% (1/63), respectively, in the ANC≤0.05×10^9/L group and ANC〉0.05×10^9/L group (P〈0.05). Hematopoietic response rates to IST was 22.0% vs 54.0%(P=0.000) at 3 months, 34.1% vs 63.5% (P=0.000) at 6 months; the overall five-year survival rate was only (62.5±5.4)% vs (91.4±3.7)%(P=-0.000) and five-year eventfree survival rate was (42.3±5.5)% vs (63.1±6.5)% (P=0.003), respectively, in the ANC≤0.05 ×10^9/L group and ANC〉0.05×10^9/L group. Conclusion VSAA patients with extremely low ANC (≤0.05 ×10^9/L) had high early death rate and with very low response rate to frontline IST and poor survival, so it is urgent to seek for the alternative frontline therapy that will bring faster and better outcome for these patients.