中文摘要：

自制直径为90nm、长为500nm的β-FeOOH纳米棒为前驱物,通过碳热还原法和热分解法分别制备出形貌均匀、粒径为300nm的LiFePO4/C正极材料和粒径为100nm的Fe2O3负极材料,并研究它们对金属锂组成半电池和构造LiFePO4/C vs.Fe2O3全电池的电化学性能。结果表明：LiFePO4/C半电池在0.1C、0.5C、1.0C、5.0C、10.0C和15.0C（1C=170 mA g–1）倍率下放电比容量分别为158.8、153.2、144.3、126.8、111.0 mA h g–1和92.9mA h g–1。经过不同倍率循环后,返回0.1 C放电比容量为157.5mA h g–1,为初始0.1 C放电比容量的99.2%。Fe2O3半电池在50mA g–1电流密度下首次放电比容量为1655.5mA h g–1,循环50次后,仍保持460mA h g–1的放电比容量。LiFePO4/C vs.Fe2O3全电池在0.1 C倍率下,相对于LiFePO4活性物质,首次放电比容量为148.7mA h g–1;相对于Fe2O3活性物质,首次放电比容量为441.7mA h g–1。由LiFePO4/C纳米粒子作为正极材料、Fe2O3纳米粒子作为负极材料组成的全电池在0.1 C到2.0 C不同倍率下均表现出了良好的循环性能,且返回0.1 C后其放电比容量相对于初始0.1 C放电比容量无衰减。可见,以β-FeOOH纳米棒为前驱物控制制备的LiFePO4/C正极纳米材料和Fe2O3负极纳米材料可以有效地提升电池的性能。

英文摘要：

The nanoparticles of LiFePO4/C with the average particle size of 300 nm and the nanoparticles of Fe2O3with the average particle size of 100 nm were synthesized by a carbothermal reduction method and a calcination method with self-prepared β-FeOOH nanorods as precursors,respectively.Their electrochemical performances were investigated when these nanoparticles were used as electrode materials for metallic lithium half cells and for LiFePO4/C vs.Fe2O3 complete batteries.The results indicate that LiFePO4/C vs.lithium metal electrode can deliver the discharge capacities of 158.8,153.2,144.3,126.8,111.0 and 92.9 mA h g–1 at 0.1 C,0.5 C,1.0 C,5.0 C,10.0 C and 15.0 C,respectively.The discharge capacity of 157.5 mA h g–1 was recovered when the current density was reduced from 15 C to 0.1 C,which is 99.2% of the initial capacity.Fe2O3 vs.lithium metal electrode delivers a high discharge capacity of 1 655.5 mA h g–1 in the first cycle,and can retain 460 mA h g–1 after 50 cycles at a current density of 50 mA g–1.The complete lithium ion battery constructed of LiFePO4/C cathode and Fe2O3 anode delivers an initial discharge capacity of 148.7 mA h g–1 and 441.7 mA h g–1 at 0.1 C,respectively.In addition,this battery has a good cycling stability from 0.1 C to 2.0 C and from 2.0 C to 0.1 C.The discharge capacity does not has any degradation as compared to the initial discharge capacities at 0.1 C.The nanostructured LiFePO4/C cathode and Fe2O3anode from β-FeOOH nanorods could effectively enhance the performance of lithium ion battery.