中文摘要：

目的通过观察去卵巢骨质疏松症模型大鼠股骨中Smadl／5在细胞中的表达，探索肾虚骨质疏松症的发病机理。方法实验采用切除大鼠双侧卵巢的方法复制骨质疏松症模型，同时应用益肾填精作用的纳米钙补肾中药低、高剂量组，对模型大鼠给药干预12周，用骨疏康颗粒剂、盖天力作为阳性对照组，以及正常对照组、假手术对照组和模型空白组，并与补脾中药补中益气汤作比较；应用双能x线骨密度仪检测离体股骨的骨密度；HE染色光镜下观察股骨形态；免疫组化SABC法检测股骨中的Smadl／5蛋白活性表达。结果与正常组比较，模空组大鼠股骨头的骨密度显著降低，P〈0．01；与模空组比较，用药12周之后各用药组均可提高模型大鼠股骨的骨密度值；HE染色光镜下观察各组大鼠右侧股骨头病理切片，模空组骨髓腔增大，骨小梁断裂，各用药组可见骨髓腔较小，形态结构较完整；与正常组相比较，模空组Smadl／5阳性表达显著下降，P〈0．01；用药12周后，与模空组相比较，各用药组均可上调其表达情况，P〈0．01。结论骨组织中Smadl／5阳性表达降低可能是骨质疏松症发生的机制之一，纳米钙补肾填精中药可能通过改善和调控股骨中Smadl／5的表达，而起到防治肾虚骨质疏松症的作用。

英文摘要：

Objective To investigate the regulative effect of nanometer calcium kidney-tonifying herbs （with the effects of reinforce kidney, replenishing qi and strengthening essence） on the expression of signal transduction molecules-Smadl/5 in the bone tissue of rats after ovariectomy and the mechanism of osteoporosis occurrence. Methods Using the method of ovriectomy, we established the rat model of osteoporosis due to Kidney-deficiency ; treated the osteoporosis rat with experimental drugs （high, low dose group） for 12 weeks, which is notifying the kidney to consolidate the essence and strengthening bone and marrow, invigorating the kidney to make the bone strong. Simultaneously, used Gushukang granule and Gaitianli tablets and Buzhong yiqi decoction as positive control groups. And rats in the normal group and model group were not given any treatment. We had used dual energy X- ray bone density instrument to detect the bone mineral density of the rats ; Observed configuration of the femur tissue with the method of HE stain, we had used the IHC method to investigate the expression of smadl/5proteins in the femur of the rats. Results Model group got an obviously decrease of the level of BMD （ P 〈 0.01 ） ; and the medicines groups have increased the level of BMD compared with the model groups. Observed the HE stain femur parts of the rats ： In the model group, the arrangement of bone trabecula structure is rarefaction, the bone trabecula thickness, the medicines groups＇ the shape and structure of the bone trabecula are more complete, and the arrangement are more normal. Model groups got a obviously decreased in Smadl/5 protein expression compared with normal groups P 〈 0.01. All medicine groups increased Smadl/5 protein expression to different level compared with model groups. Conclusion The decreasing of Smadl/5 protein expression in femur of rats may be one of the mechanisms of osteoporosis, The level of Smadl/5 protein expression in the femur of rats can obviously be increased by nanometer calcium ki