中文摘要：

直接碳燃料电池（DCFC）具有能量转化效率高、污染低、燃料来源广等优点,是缓解能源危机和环境污染的一种有效途径,其性能与所使用的燃料密切相关。本文介绍DCFC的发展历史、研究现状及发展动态,评述了煤、焦炭、活性炭、石墨等含碳物质作为DCFC燃料的优缺点,分析讨论了碳燃料的晶体结构缺陷、表面含氧官能团对阳极电化学反应的促进作用,以及碳燃料的电解质润湿能力、孔隙结构、电导率、粒径大小对阳极电化学反应的质量传递与电荷传递的相互关系;探讨了阳极催化剂促进阳极反应并提高电池性能的机制;简要讨论了DCFC碳燃料的未来发展趋势。

英文摘要：

The direct carbon fuel cell（DCFC） has been considered an efficient way to mitigate the energy crisis and environmental pollution issues,owing to its high energy conversion efficiency,low pollution,and abundant and readily available resources,but its performance is closely related to the fuel used.We give a brief introduction to the development of DCFCs and a review of the current status of DCFC fuels,with an emphasis on the impact of different carbonaceous materials,such asgraphite,coal,activated carbon,solid waste,and cokeon DCFC performance.We also systematically analyze the relation between the electrochemical reaction activity of the fuels and their characteristics.For carbonaceous fuels,defects in the crystal structure and surface oxygen functional groups can promote the anodic electrochemical reaction,and their wettability by the electrolyte.Their pore structure,conductivity and particle size can affect mass transfer and charge transfer in the anodic electrochemical reaction.We discuss the function of anodic catalysts in the DCFC,which accelerate the conversion of carbon from solid to gas and improve the anodic electrochemical reaction rate.Based on the current research on DCFC fuels,we forecast development trends and key issues relating to DCFC fuels.