中文摘要：

生物材料在污水处理、气体检测、储能、光催化等领域展现出良好的应用前景。但传统生物材料制备方法复杂，且使用高毒性有机溶剂。实现简单、绿色的生物材料制备是目前亟需解决的问题。室温下冷等离子体诱导生物分子自组装制备生物材料，不需有机溶剂，不需高温焙烧、H2还原、化学还原和光致还原，实现了生物材料制备过程的简单化、绿色化。通过冷等离子体诱导生物分子自组装已制备出厚度为（1.03±0.14）nm 的生物膜以及含有尺寸小于10 nm、分散性极好的金属纳米颗粒的金属/生物复合材料。但相关研究刚起步，许多科学问题仍然未知，特别是冷等离子体诱导生物分子自组装机理需进一步研究。这些科学问题一旦得到完美诠释，必定会实现生物材料的可控、宏量制备。

英文摘要：

The biomaterials are promising for water treatment, gas sensor, energy storage and photocatalysis. However, the traditional preparation processes of the biomaterials are complex, and require toxic organic reagents. Simple and green preparation methods for biomaterials are highly desired. The cold plasma-induced self-assembly of biomolecules at room temperature is simple and green, as it does not use organic reagent, and does not require calcinations, H2 reduction, chemical reduction and photoinduced reduction. By using the plasma-induced self-assembly, biofilm with a height of（1.03±0.14）nm and metal/biomaterial composites with highly dispersed metal nanoparticles （〈 10 nm） have been successfully fabricated. However, many fundamental issues about the cold plasma-induced self-assembly, especially its mechanism, are still unsolved. A deep understanding on these problems will allow for controllable and massive syntheses of biomaterials.