中文摘要：

转炉烟罩是炼钢厂的主要设备之一，它的冷却水管的爆破严重地影响钢产量及转炉运行安全．文中以转炉移动烟罩冷却水管为研究对象．通过金相显微镜、电子探针等设备，对冷却水管的失效机理进行了分析．研究结果表明：转炉烟罩的失效主要是由烟罩的热应力和工质水的腐蚀所引起，烟罩冷却水管的超温工作大大缩短了它的使用寿命；同时烟气冲刷也是冷却水管变薄的原因之一；采用涂层保护可有效地提高烟罩冷却水管的抗高温氧化及抗冲蚀性能．

英文摘要：

The gas hood of converter is one of the main equipments in steel-making factory and the burst of its water-wall tubes will severely influence steel production amount and converter running safety. In this paper the failure mechanism of water-wall tubes of converter gas hood is investigated through microscope, Electron Probe X-ray Microanalyzer（EPMA） and other apparatus. The research indicates that the failure of converter gas hood is mainly caused by the heat stress of converter and the corrosion of water in tubes, and the high-temperature operation also shorten the service life of water-wall tubes. Meanwhile, the smoke erosion leads to the wastage of water-wall tubes. The performance of high temperature oxidation resistance and erosion resistance of the tubes will be enhanced by coating protection effectively.