中文摘要：

强震在合适的条件下会产生地表破裂，强震地表破裂会造成巨大的灾害，在工程规划和城市建设，特别是重大工程建设时，必须开展地表破裂的工程评估工作。地表破裂是发震断层延伸到地表的产物，迄今为止，人类仍无法控制活断层的活动。震害表明，地表破裂对工程而言是无坚不摧的，因此，重大工程建设中只能采取避让的措施。这就需要评估强震地表破裂的可能性并给出与工程建设有关的参数，以便进行合理的抗震设计、场地选择和避让。总结、归纳和综述了地表破裂的概念、类型、特征和地表破裂工程评价领域研究的相关进展；介绍了地表破裂的评估方法；评述了不同研究方法的优点和局限性；梳理了中国及其他国家和地区断层避让的有关规定。在总结前人研究成果和分析当前工程建设需求的基础上，提出了该领域今后需要研究的5个主要问题。上述工作对开展强震地表破裂工程评估研究具有一定的参考价值。

英文摘要：

Under appropriate conditions, strong earthquake would be accompanied with surface rupture, which can cause a huge disaster. So, in the engineering planning and urban construction, especially in major construction projects, we should make the surface rupture assessment. Surface rupture is a result of seismogenic fault extending to the surface. Up to now , human being cannot control the activity of active faults. The disaster of earthquake shows that surface rupture can destroy everything, so the only method is keeping a safety distance from it. There- fore, it is required that we should evaluate the possibility of earthquake surface rupture and provide parameters re- lated to the project construction to make reasonable seismic design, site selection and dodge distance. This article summarizes the concepts, types, and characteristics of the surface rupture, and reviews the related research pro- gress in engineering assessment field about it. The article also introduces the evaluation methods of surface rupture, analyzes the advantages and/imitations of different research methods, and sums up the rules of fault avoidance in China and some foreign countries. On the basis of summarizing the results of previous studies and analysis of the current engineering construction needs, five major aspects discussed in this paper has a certain reference value for the in strong earthquake. to be researched in this field are research on engineering evaluation presented. The work of the surface rupture