中文摘要：

几何形态测量学是基于笛卡尔地标点的形状统计分析方法。它应用普氏叠加法、欧氏距离矩阵分析法、薄板样条分析法及主成分分析、多变量回归等方法,定量地对形变加以描述,输出结果更为直观,因而成为形状分析的有力工具。随着计算机和统计学方法的发展,几何形态测量学在昆虫分类鉴定和系统发育研究中得到了越来越多的应用。本文介绍了几何形态测量学的方法和其历史发展,列举了其主要分析方法,简述了其主要操作步骤,并举例说明了它在昆虫分类学和系统发育研究中的应用。

英文摘要：

Geometric morphometrics is a statistical analysis of shapes based on Cartesian landmark coordinates.It measures the shape feature quantitatively and visually by the Procrustes superimposition,Euclidean distance matrix analysis and thin-plate spline analysis together with the principal components analysis and multivariate regression,and has been proved to be a powerful tool in shape analysis.With the development of computer science and statistics,the applications of geometric morphometrics in insect systematics and phylogenetics have increased considerably.This review briefly introduces the approaches of geometric morphometrics and its development history,lists its main analysis methods,outlines the main operation procedures,and exemplifies its application in insect systematics and phylogenetics.