中文摘要：

国内狗在非洲有古老的起源和长历史。不过，预定和他们的介绍的来源进非洲仍然保持神秘。此处，我们从非洲，欧洲和韦斯特亚洲的另外的部分加狗的 1530 个出版序列从 345 奈及利亚人和 37 条肯尼亚的村庄狗在 mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA )D 环序列分析变化。所有肯尼亚的狗能被分到三 haplogroups 之一(matrilines；clades ) ：A， B，和 C 当奈及利亚人狗能被分到四 haplogroups A， B， C，和 D 之一时。任何一个都不从非洲的狼(犬属豺狼座 lupaster ) 非洲的狗展出母系的贡献。最近的人口统计的扩大的基因信号从韦斯特非洲在奈及利亚人狗被检测。mitochondrial 染色体的分析揭示在非洲的现代韦斯特和狗由 sub-haplogroup D1 显示了的诺思欧洲人之间的一个母亲的基因连接(然而并非全部 haplogroup D ) 约 12,000 年以前联合。合并分子的人类学的证据，我们建议在韦斯特非洲人狗的 sub-haplogroup D1 能被跟踪回到迟了冰川的疏开，潜在地从西南的欧洲与人的猎人集合移植联系了。

英文摘要：

Domestic dogs have an ancient origin and a long history in Africa. Nevertheless, the timing and sources of their introduction into Africa remain enigmatic. Herein, we analyse variation in mitochondrial DNA（mt DNA） D-loop sequences from 345 Nigerian and 37 Kenyan village dogs plus 1530 published sequences of dogs from other parts of Africa, Europe and West Asia. All Kenyan dogs can be assigned to one of three haplogroups（matrilines; clades）： A, B, and C, while Nigerian dogs can be assigned to one of four haplogroups A, B, C, and D. None of the African dogs exhibits a matrilineal contribution from the African wolf（Canis lupus lupaster）. The genetic signal of a recent demographic expansion is detected in Nigerian dogs from West Africa. The analyses of mitochondrial genomes reveal a maternal genetic link between modern West African and North European dogs indicated by sub-haplogroup D1（but not the entire haplogroup D） coalescing around 12,000 years ago. Incorporating molecular anthropological evidence,we propose that sub-haplogroup D1 in West African dogs could be traced back to the late-glacial dispersals, potentially associated with human hunter-gatherer migration from southwestern Europe.