中文摘要：

根据祁连山寒区旱区的冻土冻融和融雪消融等生态现象的地域特色,充分利用祁连山大野口流域的历史监测以及现有生态监测设施仪器的优势,选择大野口流域为试验流域,沿着降水在森林生态系统中的传输途径,阐明了降水、林冠及树干截留、苔藓枯落物截留、土壤水分及温度、积雪消融、冻土冻融、土壤蒸发、河川径流、林分立地条件、林分气象因子、林分结构、苔藓枯落物结构、土壤特性等13个指标的试验监测方法;探讨了特征参数统计、多元函数回归和相关系数等分析方法的应用。本研究有助于深刻认识流域生态系统对于人类社会发展和维持生态安全的水文服务潜力,为发展和完善森林生态水文学提供研究成果和试验数据,为解决森林生态系统保护建设与开发利用水资源中潜在的林水矛盾提供参考和科学依据。

英文摘要：

Manual monitoring was given priority in ecological monitoring technology because limited by funds and development level of science and technology in the past research. With attaching great importance to ecology and science and technology development,the ecological monitoring technology was gradually changed into combination of instrument application and manual monitoring. If it was not able to be combined accurately and organically and scientifically,the forest hydrological processes of monitoring of long time sequence could be influenced,and the change relationship of water conservation function could not be deduced from a region or a certain basin to another region or basin. According to regional characteristics of ecological phenomena in the cold and arid regions of Qilian Mountains,such as permafrost thawing and snow ablation,and so on. Made full use of the historical monitoring of Dayekou basin in Qilian Mountains and the advantage of ecological monitoring facilities equipment,so chosen Dayekou basin for experimental basin. The monitoring method of 13 indexes had been illuminated such as precipitation,interception of canopy and stem,moss litter interception,moisture and temperature of soil,snow ablation,permafrost thawing,soil evaporation,runoff,stand site condition,meteorological factors,stand structure,moss litter structure,soil characters. The application of analysis method had been discussed such as characteristic parameter statistics,multivariate function and correlation coefficient. The methods of test monitoring and analysis about water conservation function were summarized,which had provided a scientific reference for researching the correlation of meteorological factors,permafrost thawing,snow ablation and runoff,at the same time,the correlation of moss litter,soil properties,water and heat of soil,and soil evaporation was analyzed,and it analyzed the correlation of stand structure,canopy interception,and soil water and heat. This research conduced to cognize Eco-hydrology services to the developmen