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基于区域优势理论的中国水资源利用现状分析

期刊名称：地球科学进展
时间：0
页码：1243-1253
分类：TV21[水利工程—水文学及水资源]
作者机构：[1]浙江大学水文与水资源工程研究所,浙江杭州310028, [2]中山大学水资源与环境中心,广东广州510275
相关基金：基金项目：中国博士后基金项目“水资源系统的适应性循环机理与可恢复性研究”（编号：20090451469）;国家自然科学基金项目“珠江三角洲区域水文要素变异及其水资源响应量化研究”（编号：50839005）资助.
相关项目：珠江三角洲区域水文要素变异及其水资源响应量化研究

关键词：水资源利用, 区域水资源利用优势, 中国, Water use, Water use advantage, China.

中文摘要：

为了揭示不同区域水资源利用变化之间的空间关系,借鉴经济学中的区域优势理论,对中国水资源2001—2006年间水资源利用的区域优势及其演化机制进行了分析。研究结果表明：①山东、河南、四川、海南和河北五省农业用水优势处于前5位,并呈增加趋势,使得这些省份的农业用水优势得到加强;非农业用水优势明显增加的为北京、山东、山西、内蒙古、浙江,其增幅均在0.2以上,而非农业用水优势下降趋势最为明显的是天津和辽宁,其下降幅度均在0.4以上。②中国水资源利用的区域优势在其演化过程中主要存在经济、社会、自然等3种驱动因素,它们在全国范围内主导着水资源利用区域优势的演化,同时也主导水资源利用结构的演进。

英文摘要：

Water use changes in different regions have profound spatial connections. For the sake of revealing the spatial linkage among water use changes of various regions in China, the conception of water use advantage index is defined and a method to measure the index is established firstly referring to regional advantage theory in economics. Water use advantage of different regions in China and its evolution between 2001 and 2003 are analyzed based on the index and method. The results show that the provinces with remarkable advantage in agriculture water use are Shandong, Henan, Sichuan, Hainan and Hebei, whose advantages are also in the top five, and the advan- tages are strengthen. The provinces with remarkable increase in the advantage in non-agriculture water use are Bei- jing, Shandong, Shanxi, Mongolia and Zhejiang whose increasing extents exceed 0.2, Meanwhile, the advantages of non-agriculture water use decrease markedly are Tianjin and Liaoning with the extents being more than 0.4. There are three elements which drive the water use evolvement. They are economic elements, policy and natural environment. These three elements not only dominate the evolution process of regional water use advantages, but also dominate the changes of water use structure in China.

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