中文摘要：

根据辽宁省27个气象站1955—2014年逐日气象数据与相关玉米生长资料,对辽宁省不同区域玉米生育期需水量、水分盈亏量的确定方法及其时空分布特征进行深入分析。结果表明,辽宁省玉米生育期需水量以辽西最高（大于380 mm）,辽南最低（小于345 mm）。玉米的水分盈亏量从西北至东南依次增加,其中辽西地区亏水现象普遍存在。不同地区年际水分盈亏量均呈逐渐下降趋势,其中辽西、辽北地区下降趋势显著（UF〈U0.05／2=1．96），辽中地区下降极其显著（UF=-2．89〈U0.01/2=-2．58），下降速率达19．465mm／10a。大部分研究站点（55．6％-81．5％），典型年法计算的水分盈亏量要高于虚拟年法。不同水文年，2种方法计算结果一致性由好到差依次为：丰水年、干旱年、特旱年和平水年，且对于大部分研究站点（48％-74％），2种方法计算结果的差异小于30mm。为了提高计算精度，采用组合模型对辽宁省玉米水分盈亏量进行计算，结果表明随着水文频率的增加（水文年型由丰水年变为特旱年），辽宁省出现水分亏缺的区域逐渐增大，在丰水年，仅辽西的朝阳地区出现水分亏缺，而在特早年，除辽东的本溪、丹东一带，全省大部分区域均存在不同程度的水分亏缺。

英文摘要：

Water budget is an essential parameter for crop water management and optimal allocation of the regional agricultural water resources.Long-term observations of meteorological data were collected from1955 to 2014 in 27 agricultural meteorological stations in Liaoning Province,and relevant physiological information of maize was also recorded.Through analyzing the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of evapotranspiration（ET） and water budget of maize,the results were got as follows： ET of maize reached the highest in west of Liaoning Province（greater than 380 mm）,while the lowest was obtained in south of Liaoning Province（less than 345 mm）.The trend of water budget was increased from northwest to southeast of Liaoning Province,and water deficit was quite common in western part.There was a decreasing trend of yearly water budget within the whole Liaoning Province, which significantly happened in west and north of Liaoning Province（UF U〈0.05/2= 1.96）,and very significantly happened in middle of Liaoning Province（UF=-2.89 〈U0.0/2）=-2.58）,their decrease rate reached 19.465 mm/10 a.Water budget determined by the typical year method were higher than that determined by the virtual year method in most of the research sites（55.6% - 81.5%）.Among different hydrological years,the consistence of the results from high to low showed as follows： wet year,dry year,drought year and normal year.Besides,their difference was found to be lower than 30 mm in most of the research sites（48% - 74%）.In order to improve the accuracy of corn water budget in LiaoningProvince,a combination model was used.The results showed that with the increase of hydrological frequency（from wet to dry of hydrological year）,regions showing water deficit were increased gradually.There was only water deficit in Chaoyang region in wet year,but in drought years it was widely expanded to the whole province except Benxi City and Dandong City in east of Liaoning Province.