中文摘要：

单个零售商和单个供应商构成的供应链系统中,供应商由于资金紧缺无法改善供应稳定性,零售商向上游供应商提供交易信用,提前支付部分货款缓解供应商的资金压力,使其及时购买原材料、控制生产过程,改善供应稳定性,研究了供应商随机产出下,零售商对供应商的最优提前支付策略以及最优订货策略。研究表明：零售商通过提前支付部分货款改善供应稳定性,减少由于供应不稳定向供应商增加的订货量,提高自身及整条供应链的利润。

英文摘要：

Many factors, such as complicated product manufacturing process, fluctuant supply of raw materials, capital-constrained suppliers, and weather, make the industry output tmcertain, Retailers can＇t perform optimal operational decisions under unreliable supply and it reduces the retailers＇ profits. Retailers hope to improve supply reliability and reduce supply risk. Improvement of supply reliability requires suppliers to purchase raw materials, control the production process, etc. However, suppliers with constrained capital can＇t spend enough money to improve supply reliability. Relative to bank financing, suppliers, especially some small suppliers, prefer to obtain money through trade credit financing offered by retailers. Advance payment is a type of trade credit financing. Retailers can make advance payment in order to relieve the suppliers＇ financial pressure and improve supply reliability. A supply chain consisting of one supplier and one retailer is studied in this study. We formulate a model in which a retailer sources from a risky supplier. The risky supplier has random yield. The retailer can deploy advance payment strategy to improve the supply reliability. We characterize the retailer＇s optimal procurement quantity and advance payment policy for the risky supply model. In the first part, we characterize optimal purchase decision of retailers without advance payment, as well as analyze the impact of supply reliability on retailer profits and the entire supply chain profits. It is shown that the retailer will increase the order quantity to cope with unreliable supply. Retailer＇s profit and the entire supply chain profit under unreliable supply are less than the profit under a reliable supply condition. With the improvement of supply reliability, the retailer will decrease the order quantity and increase the profit. Retailer can finance the suppliers by advance payment to improve supply reliability. In the second part, we study the conditions of advance payment. Firstly, we assume the advance p