介绍了一种新型岩石类材料平面应变实验装置的研制和应用。该装置的主要特点是可以通过一个厚壁筒液压缸对安置在其中的方形试件施加侧向压力(最小主应力),最高压力可达20MPa,从而最大程度地减少了刚性加载所带来的端部约束问题,提高了实验精度。利用缸体本身的刚度对试件进行侧限的设计,使得装置结构紧凑,实验简单易行。采用弹性材料试件对装置进行了校准标定,并介绍了变形测量系统。最后,对岩石试件进行了平面应变实验,结果表明,该实验装置能较好地模拟平面应变状态。
We present the development, fabrication and use of a new apparatus for testing rock-like material in plain strain stat. A major feature of the plain strain apparatus is the confining pressure applied in the pressure vessel rated to 20 MPa. The rectangular presimatic specimen is restrained laterally in its plain stain direction by the thick wall of the pressure cell, which reduces end effects to the greatest extent, simplifies the structure of the device, and makes the plain strain tests relatively easy to carry out. The apparatus is calibrated using a linearly-elastic specimen, and the devices measuring the axial and lateral displacements of the specimen are introduced. Finally, the plain strain apparatus is used to conduct a series of tests on rock at various confining pressures with good simulation of the state of plain strain.