随着深部地质环境的不断恶化,深部资源开采中重大灾害事故增多,巷道支护出现冒顶、底臌、顶板下沉等破坏现象。以济宁2#煤矿九采区93上06回采巷道为研究对象,通过数值模拟手段再现变形破坏过程,分别对顶板下沉、底臌变形、轴向楔体破坏和沿结构面冒顶4种变形破坏规律进行分析。针对破坏特征,提出巷道支护的优化方案。工程实践表明,通过改变巷道的断面形式、挖掉直接底泥岩和打底角锚杆可以有效地控制巷道的底臌,调整支护参数可以有效控制巷道的顶沉和冒顶。
With the deterioration of geological environment, serious disasters increase in deep mining, and many failure phenomena occur in the roadway support, such as caving, floor heave, roof crush and so on. Taking roadway 93up06 in the 9th mining area in Jining coal mine No.2 for example, numerical simulation is used to represent the process of deformation and failure; and four conditions including roof crush, floor heave, axial wedge failure and caving along the structural planes are analyzed. Based on these failure characteristics, an optimized roadway support design is provided. The practice shows that the floor heave can be controlled effectively by changing the cross-section of the roadway, digging out the mudstone in the bottom and using bolts in floor; and then the roof crush and caving can be controlled effectively by modulating the support parameters.